| Foreword | ix |
| Introduction | xi |
| Section 1 | The Montreal Protocol | 1 |
| 1.1 | The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer | 3 |
| | Preamble | 3 |
| | Article 1: | Definitions | 4 |
| | Article 2: | Control Measures | 4 |
| | Introduction to the adjustments | 6 |
| | Article 2A: | CFCs | 6 |
| | Article 2B: | Halons | 7 |
| | Article 2C: | Other fully halogenated CFCs | 8 |
| | Article 2D: | Carbon tetrachloride | 8 |
| | Article 2E: | 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform) | 9 |
| | Article 2F: | Hydrochlorofluorocarbons | 9 |
| | Article 2G: | Hydrobromofluorocarbons | 10 |
| | Article 2H: | Methyl bromide | 10 |
| | Article 2I: | Bromochloromethane | 12 |
| | Article 3: | Calculation of control levels | 12 |
| | Article 4: | Control of trade with non-Parties | 12 |
| | Article 4A: | Control of trade with Parties | 14 |
| | Article 4B: | Licensing | 14 |
| | Article 5: | Special situation of developing countries | 14 |
| | Article 6: | Assessment and review of control measures | 17 |
| | Article 7: | Reporting of data | 17 |
| | Article 8: | Non-compliance | 18 |
| | Article 9: | Research, development, public awareness and exchange of information | 18 |
| | Article 10: | Financial mechanism | 18 |
| | Article 10A: | Transfer of technology | 20 |
| | Article 11: | Meetings of the parties | 20 |
| | Article 12: | Secretariat | 21 |
| | Article 13: | Financial provisions | 21 |
| | Article 14: | Relationship of this Protocol to the Convention | 21 |
| | Article 15: | Signature | 22 |
| | Article 16: | Entry into force | 22 |
| | Article 17: | Parties joining after entry into force | 22 |
| | Article 18: | Reservations | 22 |
| | Article 19: | Withdrawal | 22 |
| | Article 20: | Authentic texts | 22 |
| | Annex A: | Controlled substances | 23 |
| | Annex B: | Controlled substances | 23 |
| | Annex C: | Controlled substances | 24 |
| | Annex D:* | A list of products** containing controlled substances specified in Annex A | 26 |
| | Annex E: | Controlled substance | 26 |
| 1.2 | Summary of control measures under the Montreal Protocol | 27 |
| | Annex A – Group I: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114 and CFC-115) | 28 |
| | Annex A – Group II: Halons (halon 1211, halon 1301 and halon 2402) | 29 |
| | Annex B – Group I: Other fully halogenated CFCs (CFC-13, CFC-111, CFC-112, CFC-211, CFC-212, CFC-213, CFC-214, CFC-215, CFC-216, CFC-217) | 30 |
| | Annex B – Group II: Carbon tetrachloride | 31 |
| | Annex B – Group III: 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) | 32 |
| | Annex C – Group I: HCFCs (consumption) | 33 |
| | Annex C – Group I: HCFCs (production) | 34 |
| | Annex C – Group II: HBFCs | 35 |
| | Annex C – Group III: Bromochloromethane | 35 |
| | Annex E – Group I: Methyl bromide | 36 |
| | Allowance for production to meet the basic domestic needs of Article 5(1) Parties following the Beijing Adjustments | 37 |
| | Annex A – Group I: CFCs | 38 |
| | Annex A – Group II: Halons | 38 |
| | Annex B – Group I: Other fully halogenated CFCs | 39 |
| | Annex B – Group II: Carbon tetrachloride | 39 |
| | Annex B – Group III: 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) | 39 |
| | Annex C – Group I: HCFCs | 40 |
| | Annex E – Group I: Methyl bromide | 40 |
| Section 2 | Decisions of the Meetings of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol | 41 |
| 2.1 | Decisions of the Meetings of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol | 43 |
| | Index to the decisions | 44 |
| | First Meeting of the Parties (Helsinki, 2–5 May 1989) | 44 |
| | Second Meeting of the Parties (London, 27–29 June 1990) | 45 |
| | Third Meeting of the Parties (Nairobi, 19–21 June 1991) | 46 |
| | Fourth Meeting of the Parties (Copenhagen, 23–25 November 1992) | 47 |
| | Fifth Meeting of the Parties (Bangkok, 17–19 November 1993) | 49 |
| | Sixth Meeting of the Parties (Nairobi, 6–7 October 1994) | 51 |
| | Seventh Meeting of the Parties (Vienna, 5–7 December 1995) | 52 |
| | Eighth Meeting of the Parties (San José, 25–27 November 1996) | 55 |
| | Ninth Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 15–17 September 1997) | 56 |
| | Tenth Meeting of the Parties (Cairo, 23–24 November 1998) | 58 |
| | Eleventh Meeting of the Parties (Beijing, 29 November – 3 December 1999) | 59 |
| | Twelfth Meeting of the Parties (Ouagadougou, 11 – 14 December 2000) | 60 |
| | Thirteenth Meeting of the Parties (Colombo, 16 – 19 October 2001) | 61 |
| | Fourteenth Meeting of the Parties (Rome, 25 – 29 November 2002) | 63 |
| | Fifteenth Meeting of the Parties (Nairobi, 10 – 14 November 2003) | 65 |
| | First Extraordinary Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 24 – 26 March 2004) | 67 |
| | Sixteenth Meeting of the Parties (Prague, 22 – 26 November 2004) | 68 |
| | Second Extraordinary Meeting of the Parties (Montreal, 1 July 2005) | 70 |
| | Seventeenth Meeting of the Parties (Dakar, 12 – 16 December 2005) | 71 |
| | Article 1: | Definitions | 73 |
| | Decisions on controlled substances | 73 |
| | Decisions on destruction processes and technologies | 75 |
| | Decisions on feedstock | 81 |
| | Decisions on process agents | 82 |
| | Decisions on used controlled substances | 90 |
| | Decisions on other issues | 93 |
| | Article 2: | Control measures | 94 |
| | Decisions on adjustments of the control measures | 94 |
| | Decisions on essential uses | 96 |
| | Decisions on essential uses: laboratory and analytical uses | 104 |
| | Decisions on essential uses: metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) | 107 |
| | Decisions on CFCs | 115 |
| | Decisions on halons | 117 |
| | Decisions on carbon tetrachloride | 121 |
| | Decisions on HCFCs | 122 |
| | Decisions on methyl bromide | 124 |
| | Decisions on quarantine and pre-shipment | 129 |
| | Decisions on critical-use exemptions | 135 |
| | Decisions on new substances | 148 |
| | Decisions on other issues | 151 |
| | Article 4: | Control of trade with non-Parties | 152 |
| | Decisions on non-Parties in compliance with the Protocol | 152 |
| | Decisions on restrictions on trade with non-Parties | 156 |
| | Decisions on other trade issues | 158 |
| | Article 4A: | Control of trade with Parties | 159 |
| | Decisions on trade in products and equipment containing Annex A and B substances | 159 |
| | Article 4B: | Licensing | 161 |
| | Decisions on licensing systems | 161 |
| | Decisions on illegal trade | 165 |
| | Article 5: | Special situation of developing countries | 171 |
| | Decisions on definitions and classification | 171 |
| | Decisions on control measures | 176 |
| | Decisions on basic domestic needs | 178 |
| | Decisions on review under paragraph 8 | 183 |
| | Decisions on participation of developing countries | 185 |
| | Article 6: | Assessment and review of control measures | 186 |
| | Decisions on assessment panels | 186 |
| | Decisions on special reports | 196 |
| | Article 7: | Reporting of data | 199 |
| | Decisions on data-reporting formats and methodologies | 199 |
| | Decisions on trans-shipment of controlled substances | 203 |
| | Decisions on customs codes | 204 |
| | Decisions on changes in baseline data | 205 |
| | Decisions on compliance with data-reporting requirements: general | 207 |
| | Decisions on compliance with data-reporting requirements: base-year and baseline data | 212 |
| | Decisions on compliance with data-reporting requirements: Parties temporarily classified as Article 5 Parties | 214 |
| | Article 8: | Non-compliance | 217 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance procedure | 217 |
| | Decisions on the Implementation Committee | 221 |
| | Decisions on potential non-compliance | 225 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Albania | 230 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Argentina | 232 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Armenia | 233 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Azerbaijan | 234 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Bahamas | 237 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Bangladesh | 237 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Belarus | 239 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Belize | 241 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Bolivia | 242 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Bosnia and Herzegovina | 244 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Botswana | 246 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Bulgaria | 247 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Cameroon | 248 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Chile | 251 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: China | 252 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Czech Republic | 253 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Democratic Republic of the Congo | 254 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Ecuador | 255 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Estonia | 256 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Ethiopia | 257 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Federated States of Micronesia | 258 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Fiji | 259 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Guatemala | 261 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Guinea-Bissau | 262 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Honduras | 263 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Kazakhstan | 265 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Kyrgyzstan | 267 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Latvia | 268 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Lesotho | 270 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Libyan Arab Jamahirya | 271 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Lithuania | 274 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Maldives | 276 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Namibia | 277 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Nepal | 279 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Nigeria | 281 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Oman | 282 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Pakistan | 282 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Papua New Guinea | 283 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Peru | 284 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Poland | 285 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Qatar | 285 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Russian Federation | 286 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 291 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Sierra Leone | 293 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Tajikistan | 294 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Turkmenistan | 295 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Uganda | 296 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Ukraine | 297 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Uruguay | 299 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Uzbekistan | 301 |
| | Decisions on non-compliance: Viet Nam | 302 |
| | Article 9: | Research, development, public awareness and exchange of information | 304 |
| | Article 10: | Financial mechanism | 306 |
| | Decisions on establishment of interim financial mechanism | 306 |
| | Decisions on establishment of financial mechanism | 308 |
| | Decisions on replenishments of the Multilateral Fund, budgets and contributions | 310 |
| | Decisions on the fixed-exchange-rate mechanism | 317 |
| | Decisions on the Executive Committee | 321 |
| | Decisions on reviews and evaluations of the operation of the financial mechanism | 327 |
| | Other decisions on the operation of the financial mechanism | 334 |
| | Article 10A: | Transfer of technology | 338 |
| | Article 11: | Meetings of the Parties | 341 |
| | Decisions on meetings of the Parties | 341 |
| | Decisions on declarations | 345 |
| | Decisions on rules of procedure | 346 |
| | Decisions on the Open-ended Working Group | 347 |
| | Decisions on the Bureau | 350 |
| | Article 12: | Secretariat | 351 |
| | Article 13: | Financial provisions | 352 |
| | Article 14: | Relationship of this Protocol to the Convention | 364 |
| | Article 16: | Entry into force | 365 |
| | Article 19: | Withdrawal | 370 |
| | Other Decisions | 371 |
| | Decisions on the Global Environment Facility | 371 |
| | Decisions on the relationship of the Montreal Protocol with other international agreements and institutions | 372 |
| Section 3 | Relevant Annexes to the Decisions of the Parties | 377 |
| 3.1 | Destruction procedures | 379 |
| | Approved destruction processes | 379 |
| | Code of good housekeeping | 379 |
| | Suggested substances for monitoring and declaration when using destruction technologies | 386 |
| 3.2 | Essential use exemptions | 387 |
| | Essential-use exemptions approved by the Meetings of the Parties | 387 |
| | Summary by year of essential use exemptions | 390 |
| | Conditions applied to exemption for laboratory and analytical uses | 391 |
| | Categories and examples of laboratory uses | 391 |
| | Reporting Accounting Framework for Essential Uses other than Laboratory and Analytical Applications | 393 |
| 3.3 | Assessment panels | 394 |
| | Terms of reference for the panels | 394 |
| | Terms of reference of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel | 396 |
| 3.4 | Critical-use exemptions for methyl bromide | 401 |
| | Critical-use exemptions approved by Meetings of the Parties | 401 |
| | Requirements for annual reporting of critical-use exemptions for methyl bromide | 406 |
| | Working procedures of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee relating to the evaluation of nominations for critical uses of methyl bromide | 411 |
| | Membership of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee | 413 |
| | Further guidance on the criteria for the evaluation of nominations for critical uses of methyl bromide | 415 |
| | Reporting accounting framework for critical uses of methyl bromide | 418 |
| 3.5 | Non-Compliance procedure | 419 |
| | Non-compliance procedure (1998) | 419 |
| | Indicative list of measures that might be taken by a meeting of the Parties in respect of non-compliance with the Protocol | 421 |
| 3.6 | The Multilateral Fund | 422 |
| | Terms of reference for the Multilateral Fund | 422 |
| | Indicative list of categories of incremental costs | 424 |
| | Terms of reference of the Executive Committee (1997) | 425 |
| | Rules of procedure for meetings of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund | 427 |
| 3.7 | Finance | 431 |
| | Terms of reference for the administration of the Trust Fund for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer* | 431 |
| | UN scale of assessments (2006) | 432 |
| 3.8 | Declarations | 438 |
| | Helsinki Declaration on the protection of the ozone layer (1989) | 438 |
| | Declaration on chlorofluorocarbons (1990) | 438 |
| | Resolution on ozone-depleting substances (1990) | 439 |
| | Statement on control measures (1991) | 440 |
| | Resolution on methyl bromide (1992) | 441 |
| | Question of Yugoslavia (1992) | 441 |
| | Memorandum on partly halogenated chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) (1993) | 442 |
| | Declaration on hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) (1993) | 442 |
| | Declaration on methyl bromide (1993) | 443 |
| | Declaration by countries with economies in transition (1993) | 443 |
| | Declaration on the Multilateral Fund (1994) | 444 |
| | Declaration on hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) (1995) | 445 |
| | Declaration on methyl bromide (1995) | 445 |
| | Declaration on hydrochlorofluorocarbons (1997) | 446 |
| | Declaration regarding methyl bromide (1997) | 446 |
| | Declaration on hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs) (1998) | 447 |
| | Beijing Declaration on renewed commitment to the protection of the ozone layer (1999) | 448 |
| | Ouagadougou Declaration at the Twelfth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol | 449 |
| | Colombo Declaration on renewed commitment to the protection of the ozone layer to mark the forthcoming World Summit on Sustainable Development, in 2002, the 15th anniversary of the Montreal Protocol and the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the Multilateral Fund | 450 |
| | Declaration by the Pacific Island countries attending the 13th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol | 451 |
| | Declaration on methyl bromide | 452 |
| | Declaration on limitations on the consumption of methyl bromide | 452 |
| | Prague Declaration on enhancing cooperation among chemicals-related multilateral environmental agreements | 453 |
| Section 4 | Rules of Procedure | 455 |
| | Rules of procedure for meetings of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention and Meetings of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol | 457 |
| Section 5 | Sources of Further Information | 469 |
| | Sources of further information | 471 |
| | Ozone Secretariat | 471 |
| | Multilateral Fund Secretariat | 472 |
| | United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) | 472 |
| | United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | 472 |
| | United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) | 472 |
| | World Bank | 473 |
| | Global Environment Facility (GEF) | 473 |
| | World Meteorological Organization (WMO) | 473 |
| | Scientific Assessment Panel Co-chairs | 473 |
| | Environmental Effects Assessment Panel Co-chairs | 473 |
| | Technology and Economic Assessment Panel Co-chairs | 474 |
| General Index | 475 |
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